In some parts of Gujarat they formed 30 to 35 per cent of the population. As per the Census 2011, the literacy rate of The surname is derived from the Sanskrit word gandha, meaning fragrance. ? The Gujarati surname Choksi derives its name from the Gujarati word Coksi, which means assayer of gold and silver.. They were found in almost every village in plains Gujarat and in many villages in Saurashtra and Kachchh. For example, among Vanias in a large town like Ahmedabad many of the thirty or forty second-order divisions (such as Khadayata, Modh, Porwad, Shrimali, and so on) were represented. Other examples are Daruwala, Doshi, Zariwala, and Screwala. Let me illustrate briefly. (all muslim), Vanzara, Kangasiwala (Hindu) and Vanzara (Muslim) of Dang district only, Sathwara, Satawara, Sathwara-Kadiya, Satwara-Kadiya, Dalwadi and Kadiya, Mali, Fulmali, Marathi Mali, Kachh Mali, Jire mali, Bagban, Rayin, Kumbhar (Prajapati, Varia), Prajapati (Gujjar Prajapati, Varia Prajapati, Sorthia Prajapati), Sorathiya Prajapati, Mistri, (Suthar / Sutar), Suthar, Mistri, Gurjar (Suthar/sutar), Gujjar, Gujjar (Suthar/ Sutar), Kachhia, Kachhi, Kachhi Kushavah, Maurya Koyari . out of which 3 0 obj Generally they used to known as Vaishnav Khamar. The marital alliances of the royal families forming part of the Maratha confederacy, and of the royal families of Mysore in south India and of Kashmir and Nepal in the north with the royal families of Gujarat and Rajasthan show, among other things, how there was room for flexibility and how the rule of caste endogamy could be violated in an acceptable manner at the highest level. Finally, while an increasing number of marriages are taking place even across the boundaries of first-order divisions, as for example, between Brahmans and Vanias, and between Vanias and Patidars, such marriages even now form an extremely small proportion of the total number of marriages. For which there is a provision of 7% reservation. No they don't. He does not give importance to this possibility probably because, as he goes on to state, what is sought here is a universal formula, a rule without exceptions (ibid.). The surname Lakhani means descendant of Lakh. The word Lakh comes from Laksmana, a Sanskrit word which means, one who has auspicious marks. Lakhani is also a common surname among Sindhis. I have done field work in two contiguous parts of Gujarat: central Gujarat (Kheda district and parts of Ahmedabad and Baroda districts) and eastern Gujarat (Panchmahals district). Thus, finding any boundary between Rajputs and Kolis in the horizontal context was impossible, although there were sharp boundaries between the two in the narrow local context. Below a list of Scheduled Caste communities and their population according to the 2001 Census of India in the state of Gujarat. Fortunately, they have now started writing about it (see Rao 1974). Frequently, the shift from emphasis on co-operation and hierarchy in the caste system to emphasis on division (or difference or separation) is described as shift from whole to parts, from system to elements, from structure to substance. Secondly, it is necessary to study intensively the pattern of inter-caste relations in urban centres as something differentat least hypotheticallyfrom the pattern in villages. 9% Simultaneously, there is gradual decline in the strength of the principle of hierarchy, particularly of ritual hierarchy expressed in purity and pollution. Another major factor in the growth of urban centres in Gujarat was political. The highland Bhils seem to have provided brides to lower Rajputs on the other side of the highlands also, i.e., to those in Rajasthan and Madhya Pradesh (see, for example, Doshi, 1971: 7f., 13-15; Aurora 1972: 16, 32f.). This does not, however, help describe caste divisions adequately. Not only that, there were also third-order divisions (i.e., ekdas) in one or more second-order divisions, and finally one or more fourth-order divisions (i.e., tads) in one or more third-order divisions. I am not suggesting that the principle of hierarchy was insignificant in the inter- or intra-caste relations in urban centres. They are in general cast.According to government Caste System Documents, " Khamar " comes in Vishnavs Verna of hindu religion. However, on the basis of the meagre information I have, I am able to make a few points. Created Date: village Khamar. Although it has been experiencing stresses and strains and has had ups and downs on account of the enormous diversity between the royal and the tribal ends, it has shown remarkable solidarity in recent years. Bhil, Bhil Garasia, Dholi Bhil, Dungri Bhil, Dungri Garasia, Mewasi Bhil, Rawal Bhil, Tadvi Bhil, Bhagalia, Bhilala, Pawra, Vasava, Vasave. In The United States those bearing the Khamar last name are 46.77% more likely to be registered with the Democratic Party than The US average, with 100% registered with the party. It is assumed the surname would have been a title for a nobleman or noblewoman. Leuva and Kadva are the most dominant sub-castes of Patidars, who claim their ancestry to the sons of Lord Ram: Luv and Kush. to which the divisions of the marrying couple belong. higher That the role of the two principles could vary at different levels within a first-order division has also been seen. Generally they used to known as Vaishnav Khamar. For example, the Patanwadia population was spread continuously from the Patan area to central Gujarat, and the Talapada population from central Gujarat to Pal. It is important to note that the more literate and learned Brahmans lived in towns, more particularly in capital and pilgrim towns, which were, indeed, the centres of higher Hindu culture and civilization. For example, a good number of villages in central Gujarat used to have both Talapada and Pardeshi Kolis and Brahmans belonging to two or three of their many second-order divisions. The dye is caste in Gujarat. Frequently, social divisions were neatly expressed in street names. First, since the tads were formed relatively recently, it is easier to get information about their formation than about the formation of ekdas. , ? It probably is a combination of the words screw and wala meaning seller or maker. Khamar is a small Village/hamlet in Nandod Taluka in Narmada District of Gujarat State, India. These coastal towns were involved in trade among themselves, with other towns on the rest of the Indian sea coast, and with many foreign lands. The hypergamous tendency was never as sharp, pervasive and regular among the Vania divisions as among the Rajputs, Leva Kanbis, Anavils and Khedawals. The chiefly families constituted a tiny proportion of the total population of any second-order division among the Kolis. Bawa , Atit Bawa, Goswami, Vairagi Bava, Gosai, Dashnam Goswami, Ramanandi Bawa, Ramanandi Sadhu, Puri, Bharti, Kapdi, Kapadiya, Nathbawa, Bharathari, Margi, Gangajalia, Dashnami Bawa, Giri, Bharwad, Motabhai Bharwad, Nanabhai Bharwad, Kabari, Baria Motabhai, Chosala, Janpada (where they are not S.T. The census operations, in particular, spread as they were over large areas, gave a great impetus to writings on what Srinivas has called the horizontal dimension of caste (1952: 31f;1966: 9,44,92,98-100,114-17). You have liked . Far from it, I am only suggesting that its role had certain limitations and that the principle of division was also an important and competing principle. The word Jain comes from the Sanskrit word jina, which means victory. Scheduled Caste Population 2002 1. Gujarat (along with Bombay) has perhaps the largest number of caste associations and they are also more active and wealthy compared to those in other regions. It is possible that there were a few divisions each confined to just one large city and, therefore, not having the horizontal dimension at all. As Ghurye pointed out long ago, slow consolidation of the smaller castes into larger ones would lead to three or four large groups being solidly organized for pushing the interests of each even at the cost of the others. Get free Others advice from the Top Others lawyers & advocates in Dandasinga, Angul with Lawtendo's free legal advice service. At one end there were castes in which the principle of hierarchy had free play and the role of the principle of division was limited. Homo Hierarchicus. But during the 18th century, when the Mughal Empire was disintegrating, a large number of small kingdoms came into existence, and each had a small capital town of its own. Content Guidelines 2. List. There were also a number of first-order divisions, mainly of artisans, craftsmen and specialized servants, with small populations. We shall return later to a consideration of this problem. Here, usually, what mattered was the first-order division, as for example Brahman, Vania, Rajput, Kanbi, carpenter, barber, leather-worker, and so on. The surname likely comes from the Hindustani word mistri, which comes from the Portuguese word mestre, meaning an expert or a master. (Frequently, such models are constructed a priori rather than based on historical evidence, but that is another story). Thus, Rawal/Raval refers to those who originally came from a family of commanders or kings. Kham theory who still have some memory of the Congress' Kshatriya Harijan Adivasi Muslim (KHAM). The main reason was that Anavils did not practise priesthood as a traditional occupation, nor were they involved in traditional Sanskrit learning. The following two tabs change content below. The point is that the Rajput hierarchy, with the princely families at the top, merged at the lower level imperceptibly into the vast sea of tribal and semi-tribal people like Bhils and Kolis. It is not easy to find out if the tads became ekdas in course of time and if the process of formation of ekdas was the same as that of the formation of tads. They are mainly found in North Gujarat and Ahmedabad. We have seen how one second-order division among Brahmans, namely, Khedawal, was marked by continuous internal hierarchy and strong emphasis on hypergamy on the one hand and by absence of effective small endogamous units on the other. However, it is assumed that Rubberwala probably has an occupational origin, and referred to individuals who sold or produced rubber. People of different communities and castes live here.. Gujarat Government has classified the castes as follows for giving reservation . One of the clearly visible changes in caste in Gujarat is the increasing number of inter-divisional or so-called inter-caste marriages, particularly in urban areas, in contravention of the rule of caste endogamy. Bougies repulsion) rather than on hierarchy was a feature of caste in certain contexts and situations in traditional India, and increasing emphasis on division in urban Indian in modern times is an accentuation of what existed in the past. As per the Population Census 2011, there are total 117 families residing in the village Khamar. . Caste associations in Gujarat were formed mainly among upper castes to provide welfare (including recreation), to promote modern education, and to bring about reforms in caste customs. In India Khamar is mostly concentrated in: Gujarat, where 78 percent reside, West Bengal, where 7 percent reside and Telangana, where 6 percent reside. Explore the most common surnames in Gujarat. Acharya, a common Gujarati surname, derives its name from Acarya, a Sanskrit word for a spiritual leader, or the one who teaches conduct., The surname originates from a Sanskrit word that means best among priests who perform Yagna.. Most of the second-order divisions were further divided into third-order divisions. Usually, these divisions were distinguished from one another by prohibition of what people called roti vyavahar (bread, i.e., food transactions) as well as beti vyavahar (daughter, i.e., marital transactions). They use modern and traditional medicine. Besides the myths, the members of a second-order division, belonging to all ekdas, shared certain customs and institutions, including worship of a tutelary deity. The guiding ideas were samaj sudharo (social reform) and samaj seva (social service). By the beginning of British rule in the early 19th century, a considerable number of these chieftains had succeeded in establishing petty chiefdoms, each composed of one, and occasionally more than one, village, in all parts of Gujarat. That Rajputs were one of the divisions, if not the only division of the first-order, not having further divisions, has already been mentioned. The Khadayatas were divided into about 30 ekdas. To give just one example, one large street in Baroda, of immigrant Kanbis from the Ahmedabad area, named Ahmedabadi Pol, was divided into two small parallel streets. In these divisions an increasing number of marriages are taking place against the grain of traditional hierarchy, i.e., girls of traditionally higher strata marry boys of traditionally lower strata. Shah derives its name from sahukaar, a Gujarati word that means merchant, banker, or money-lender. Although the number of inter-ekda marriages has been increasing, even now the majority of marriages take place within an ekda. Most of them were, true to their name, rulers at various levels of the political hierarchy from the kingly level to the level of dominant caste in many villages. Each unit was ranked in relation to others, and many members of the lower units married their daughters into the higher units, so that almost every unit became loose in the course of time. The main point is that we do not completely lose sight of the lowest boundary among these three hypergamous divisions as we do among the Rajputs. Share this article with your friends, relatives and acquaintances on Facebook, Whatsapp, Twitter, Pinterest and Telegram and give your feedback by commenting below. Caste wise ST = 15% SC = 07 % OBC = 50% Koli thakor etc =22 % Muslims = 9.5 % Bharwad =2.6% Else other middle class PATIDAR = 14% KSHATRIYA = 8-10 % Else others Continue Reading 23 SC Caste List in Gujarat There are 36 castes in Gujarat. The method is to remove first the barriers of the divisions of the lowest order and then gradually those of one higher order after another. See a medical professional for personalized consultation. Khatris have councils who judge on marriage, divorce and property issues. Report a Violation, Caste Stratification: Changing Rural Caste Stratification, Caste in Rural India: Specificities of Caste in Rural Society. While fission did occur, fusion could also occur. Further information may be obtained by. Search 30 million given names . engaged in work activities. Rabari, Bhopa, Kodiatar Sorathiya Rabari, Champya. Kotecha is likely an occupational surname referring to a business community whose ancestors were merchants. The surname originates from dvivedi, a Sanskrit word referring to one who has studied and mastered two Vedas. while 69 were Agricultural labourers. Read further sc st obc caste list in gujarat pdf and general caste. There are 25 male children x[? -E$nvU 4V6_}\]}/yOu__}ww7oz[_z~?=|nNT=|qq{\//]/Ft>_tV}gjjn#TfOus_?~>/GbKc.>^\eu{[GE_>'x?M5i16|B;=}-)$G&w5uvb~o:3r3v GL3or}|Y~?3s_hO?qWWpn|1>9WS3^:wTU3bN{tz;T_}so/R95iLc_6Oo_'W7y; The most important example of primarily political caste association is the Gujarat Kshatriya Sabha. While we can find historical information about the formation of ekdas and tads there are only myths about the formation of the numerous second-order divisions. Systematic study of small caste divisions in villages as well as in towns still awaits the attention of sociologists and anthropologists. It seems the highland Bhils (and possibly also other tribes) provided brides to lower Rajputs in Gujarat. It comes from the Gujarati word sheth or seth that means master, chief, or the head. This reflects the high degree of divisiveness in castes in Gujarat. All rights reserved. The purpose is not to condemn village studies, as is caste in a better perspective after deriving insights from village studies. These and many other artisans, craftsmen and servants reflected the special life-style of the town. Divorcees and the bereaved can marry again. Usually, a single Koli division had different local names in different parts of Gujarat, but more about this later. They adopted Rajput customs and traditions, claimed Rajput status, and gave daughters in marriage to Rajputs in the lower rungs of Rajput hierarchy. Content Filtrations 6. The small ekda or tad with its entire population residing in a single town was, of course, not a widespread phenomenon. The male literacy rate is 91.27% and the female The Kolis in such an area may not even be concerned about a second-order divisional name and may be known simply as Kolis. Many of the popular Gujarati surnames trace their roots to the occupations or businesses held by the original bearers of the surname. They were involved in agriculture in one way or another. This last name is the 72,411th most commonly used last name in the world. The Hindu population of Gujarat was divided first of all into what I have called caste divisions of the first order. Read further that Gujarat Caste List 2022 pdf. [CDATA[ The associations activities in the field of marriage, such as reform to customs, rituals and ceremonies, and encouragement of inter-divisional marriages, are also seen by the members as a service to the nationas the castes method of creating a casteless modern society. Far too many studies of changes in caste in modern India start with a general model of caste in traditional India which is in fact a model of caste in traditional rural India. The boundaries of caste division were fairly clear in the village community. The exact meaning of the surname is unknown. Nowadays, in urban areas in particular, very few people think of making separate seating arrangements for members of different castes at wedding and such other feasts. A surname comes from the Sanskrit word vyasa meaning the compiler. The surname would have been associated with those who worked as compilers of ancient texts. Gujarat Caste List 2023 | SEBC, OBC, SC ST, EWS & . I have not yet come across an area where Kolis from three or more different areas live together, excepting modern, large towns and cities. I should hasten to add, however, that the open-minded scholar that he is, he does not rule out completely the possibility of separation existing as independent principle. The same problems would arise in the reverse direction if, as many scholars have done, the term caste cluster, caste complex or caste category is used for divisions of a higher order and the term caste or jati is used for divisions of a lower order. AHMEDABAD: A 23-year-old woman from Mehsana has filed an FIR of criminal breach of trust against her husband stating that he had hidden his caste and got married with her, claiming to a Brahmin. 82.2%. We have analyzed the internal structure of two first-order divisions, Rajput and Anavil, which did not have any second-order divisions, and of several second-order divisionsTalapada and Pardeshi Koli, Khedawal Brahman, and Leva Kanbiwhich did not have any third-order divisions. Marriages were usually confined to neighbouring villages, so that marriage links were spread in a continuous manner from one end of the region to another. Percentage of all salaries earned by bearers: Surnames are taken as the first part of an person's inherited family name, caste, clan name or in some cases patronymic, Heatmap: Dark red means there is a higher occurrence of the name, transitioning to light yellow signifies a progressively lower occurrence. and 24 female children between the age 0-6 years. The Gujarat Sultanate (1407-1523) was a medieval muslim kingdom that was founded by Sultan Muzaffar Shah I, a tank khatri originally from southern punjab who converted to islam. The Kayatias main occupation was to perform a ritual on the eleventh day after death, during which they took away offerings made to ghosts: this was the main cause of their extremely low status among Brahmans. Systematic because castes exist and are like each other in being different (298). When Mr. H. Borradaile in A.D. 1827 collected information regarding the customs of Hindus, no less than 207 castes which did not intermarry, were found in the city of Surat alone. The surname thus refers to a treasurer. The total population of Khamar is 560 out of which 277 are males and 283 are females thus the Average Sex Ratio of Khamar is 1021. . Charan (in the Nesses of the forests of Alech, Barada and Gir), Kathodi, Katkari, Dhor Kathodi, Dhor Katkari, Son Kathodi, Son Katkari, Naikda, Nayaka, Cholivala Nayaka, Kapadia Nayaka, Mota Nayaka, Nana Nayaka, Pardhi, Advichincher, Phanse Pardhi (excluding Amreli, Bhavanagar, Jamnagar, Junagadh, Kutch, Rajkot and Surendranagar districts), Rabari (in the Nesses of the forests of Alech, Barada and Gir), Siddi, Siddi- Badshan (in Amreli, Bhavnagar, Jamnagar, Junagadh, Rajkot and Surendranagar districts), Bawa-Dedh, Dedh-Sadhu, (Vankar-Sadhu, Harijan-Bawa, Anusuchit Jatina Bawa), Bhambi, Bhambhi, Asadaru, Asodi, Chamadia, Chamar, Chamar-Ravidas, Chambhar, Chamgar, Haralayya, Harali, Khalpa, Machigar, Mochigar, Madar, Madig, Mochi(In Dangs District and Umergaon Taluka of Valsad District Only), Nalia, Telugu Mochi, Kamati Mochi, Ranigar, Rohidas, Rohit, Samgar, Bhangi, Mehtar, Olgana, Rukhi, Malkana, Halalkhor, Lalbegi, Balmiki, Korar, Zadmalli, Barwashia, Barwasia, Jamphoda, Zampada, Zampda,Rushi, Valmiki, Garoda, Garo, (Hindu Garoda Brahman, Garva, Guru Brahman Scheduled Caste), Mahyavansi, Dhed, Dhedh, Vankar, Maru Vankar, Antyaj, Meghval, Meghwal, Menghvar, (Jadeja Meghwal, Maheshvari Meghwal, Vankar Meghwal, Charaniya Meghwal, Gurjar Meghwal), Senva, Shenva, Chenva, Sedma, Rawat, (Senma), Kotwal (In Bhind, Dhar, Dewas, Guna, Gwalior, Indore, Jhabua, Khargone, Mandsaur, Morena, Rajgarh, Ratlam, Shajapur, Shivpuri, Ujjain & Vidisha Districts). 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