In July 2020, lawmakers from the Liberal Democratic Party urged the government to restrict the use of TikTok over concerns that Chinese officials might be able to access sensitive user data via the app.1 The reporting claimed that the government deployed a clandestine online surveillance program, dubbed MALLARD, to observe communications passing between satellites.16 During the COVID-19 pandemic, medical personnel were also targets for harassment on social media. Share Share. The Act on Prevention of Improper Use of Mobile Phones (2005) requires mobile voice communication carriers to verify the identity of subscribers when a contract was terminated or transferred, in order to prevent a situation in which cell phone subscribers cannot be identified. Access to the internet remains relatively equal across different segments of the population. Are individuals subject to extralegal intimidation or physical violence by state authorities or any other actor in relation to their online activities? The law is scheduled to take effect by the end of 2022. Under the guidelines, anyone can report material that infringes directly on their personal rights to the service provider, either to have it removed or to find out who posted it. The NTT group remains dominant in practice, though hundreds of other providers offer services including fiber-optic connections and fixed-line or wireless broadband access.1 In April 2018, the government asked internet service providers (ISPs) to block manga piracy sites, including Mangamura, AniTube!, and MioMio, prompting a public debate that highlighted tensions between the protection of intellectual property on one hand and users rights to private communications and the constitutional ban on censorship on the other.2 In 2002, industry associations produced guidelines designed to protect ISPs from legal liability within the jurisdiction of the Japanese courts. At the end of the coverage period, the government had not taken steps to restrict use of the platform. The PS4 launched in 2013, but Japan's release came afterward. Under the amended law, overseas companies are also obligated to notify the government of data breaches that involve sensitive information, cause financial injury, or affect more than 1,000 users. Censorship of pornography in Japan, be it animated, photographed or filmed, has always been superficial, focusing on blocking out or blurring the sex organs. Infrastructure was also severely damaged in 2011, when an earthquake and tsunami hit Japans east coast, triggering the destruction of a nuclear power plant in Fukushima. In May 2021, the Diet enacted the Digital Reform Bill, which streamlines how officials in Japan handle and share data and revises how personal data is protected under the law. In 2021, Japan faces some of the biggest social, political, and economic changes of a lifetime. It was not clear how much of the monitoring involved digital as opposed to physical surveillance.14. In one significant cyberattack against civil society organizations, at least 33 antinuclear citizens groups were targeted in 2013.5 Political rights and civil liberties are generally well respected. Japans antistalking law, originally enacted in 2000, was revised in 2013 to address email harassment, and further revised in 2016 to penalize repeated blog posts or messages on social networking services.15. Genshin Impact quietly announced a somewhat odd change right before patch 2.4 launched this week. At the same time, the actions depicted onscreen, and the wider themes of the story, are entirely free of any restrictions. Despite promises that the program will not target phones and personal computers, critics have expressed privacy concerns (see C5). In June 2020, Japan passed amendments to the Act on the Protection of Personal Information. The man who later confessed to the stabbing allegedly harassed Okamoto online; in November 2019, he received an 18-year prison sentence.8. You will go to prison. For example, the Jiminto (LDP) Net Supporters Club (J-NSC), organized in 2010, had about 19,000 members as of 2017. Individuals who have criticized the ruling LDP and the government have also faced targeted harassment. In February 2021, weekly news magazine Shukan Bunshun reported that NTT's president and other executives had repeatedly treated officials from the Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications, including Deputy Director General Yasuhiko Taniwaki, to lavish dinners.6 Facebook reported 66 government requests involving 82 accounts between July and December 2020. Observers argue that the industry has generally improved since the MIC was established in 2001, which resulted from the merger of the Ministry of Home Affairs, the Ministry of Posts and Telecommunications, and the governments Management and Coordination Agency.1, Nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) supported by the relevant companies in these three sectors perform a self-regulatory function. However, the ordinance did stipulate that the city would take measures to prevent the spread of hate on the internet.17 Service providers protect themselves from civil liability by adhering to voluntary guidelines on takedown requests.8 While cyberattacks against journalists and activists are rare, private companies have been targeted in previous coverage periods. Police can request these details, along with usage logs, if they detect illegal online activity. censorship - The Japan Times censorship Asia Pacific Jul 25, 2021 One month since closing of Apple Daily, concern over Hong Kong free press lingers by Caroline Tam Apple Daily's closure and. Do infrastructural limitations restrict access to the internet or the speed and quality of internet connections? People can freely use the internet to mobilize, and netizens did so during the reporting period, notably to protest discrimination against women and LGBT+ communities. In 2017, several municipalities asked for a clearer definition of hate speech under the law.7 Under the amended law, an individual can request the court to disclose information about a sender who posted defamatory content. Article 1. Censorship in Japan has taken many forms throughout the history of the country. 2, A 2003 law protects personal information collected electronically by private and public-sector organizations when it consists of more than 5,000 records.3 Does the online information landscape lack diversity and reliability? Happily, if history is a guide, this accelerating spread of censorship will. Update: February 8, 2022 A ccess Now and civil society organizations from across the globe are calling on the international community and technology companies to stand with the people of Myanmar and resist the coup both physical and digital. Authorities have used the law to convict the operators of manga piracy site Mangamura (see C2 and C3). Google reported 145 requests for user data between January and June 2020 and produced some data in 83 percent of cases.16 and Japan Airlines changed its dress code, allowing female flight attendants to wear pants and flat shoes.6, Four civil society organizations, J-ALL, Athlete Ally, All Out, and Human Rights Watch jointly called for online signatures for a petition calling for the government to adopt legislation that protects members of the LGBT+ community from discrimination; the petition, which was submitted to the LDP in March 2021, had over 40,000 signatures from Japanese individuals.7 A 2016 law outlined measures that authorities could take to educate the public about hate speech, while also combating such speech when directed against people of overseas origin and their descendants.4 Reasons vary from keeping inappropriate material out of reach to trying to stop protests and other public demonstrations from being organized. The article does not define what constitutes obscenity, leading to concerns that it could be invoked against artistic expression or used to curtail the rights of LGBT+ people.12. In 2002, industry associations produced guidelines designed to protect ISPs from legal liability within the jurisdiction of the Japanese courts. Does state surveillance of internet activities infringe on users right to privacy? Masayuki Nakamoto, 43, was said to have made about 11 million yen ($96,000) from peddling over 10,000 processed porn clips, and was formally accused of selling ten hardcore photos for 2,300 yen ($20). Hana Kimura was subject to harassment, primarily because of her gender, after she appeared on the reality television show "Terrace House. In May 2020, Kimura committed suicide. In June 2021, after the coverage period, the Fukuoka District Court sentenced Romi Hoshino to three years in prison and a fine of 10 million ($90,692) for allegedly operating the manga piracy website, Mangamura (see B1). With seemingly no judicial oversight and potential access to millions of users personal devices, NOTICE has raised serious privacy concerns. In November 2018, the amended Telecommunications Business Act and the Act on the National Institute of Information and Communications Technology (NICT) came into effect.3 In 2016, the IHC began providing reports to Safe-line, a website maintained by the SIA.17 To help limit its effectiveness, two local dailies instituted fact-checking processes. Japans Supreme Court protects privacy in part through its interpretation of Article 13 of the constitution, which provides for the right to life and liberty.1 Every country has, at one time or another, been guilty of grievous acts of censorship. The panel allegedly suspended its efforts to draft the legislation in October 2018 after failing to reach consensus on whether the blocking would violate the constitutional right to secrecy of communications.5, ISPs voluntarily filter child sexual abuse images, and many offer parents the option to filter certain other content to protect young internet users.6 Under that law, providers must comply with takedown requests within two days.8, The threat of official content restrictions looms periodically during public debates about child safety, though carriers and content producers have successfully resisted intrusive regulation. Despite this pushback, the MIC supported NTT.5 10 In June 2020, the founder of news site Independent Web Journal, Yasumi Iwakami, had his appeal dismissed regarding a fine he was required to pay for allegedly defaming former Osaka prefectural governor, Toru Hashimoto. Increasingly, however, if we want to find direct government censorship of speech, we don't have to travel far. Outstanding challenges include ethnic and gender-based discrimination and claims of improperly close relations between government and the business sector. Just as in ancient Grecian communities, the Roman ideal of good governance included shaping the character of the people. Though exceptional, such incidents still exert a chilling effect on Japanese online expression. China. Some self-regulatory bodies also manage content and other issues. In 2016, the law was expanded to include fraud, theft, and child sexual abuse images.9 It is a point of pride in the US that freedom of speech is written into the Constitution. Censorship by the government is unconstitutional. What kind of destruction? Article 3. 10 Shocking Examples Of Censorship Groups Or Laws by Michael Van Duisen fact checked by Jamie Frater Censorship is the suppression of communication usually deemed harmful by the ruling government. Today, however, this concept is, in our view, distorted and fought against. On February 19, 2021, the Justice Ministry announced that 20,120 mobile phone calls were tapped in 20 cases during 2020, leading to 152 arrests. The future being, oh, around the year. Such posts have attacked critics of the LDP government and have at times initiated negative campaigns against opposition lawmakers.1 Shortly after NTT announced that it would comply with the governments request, a customer sued the company on the grounds that the blocking violated privacy guarantees.3, In the wake of the blocking attempts, the government indicated that it would introduce new legislation to expand its authority to formally order blocking, which current legislation allows only for sites found to host child sexual abuse images.4 Acknowledging that "one might think this is simply conjecture by the ACE Economic Research Center," Yasuda then cited five specific Western-oriented changes he believed were instrumental in contributing to the brand's slow march towards self-destruction: 1. Amendments passed by the Diet in 2015 defined personal information in more specific terms as biometric information and numeric data that is capable of identifying a specific individual.5 No third party can do so. However, recent developments in Japan have raised serious concerns about increased surveillance, including reports of opaque surveillance operations and the approval of a conspiracy law that may allow police to seek wiretap warrants in a wider range of circumstances. In other words, even after the new law goes into effect, a . I know they sold 2 different versions of RE games at least, a more censored version and a less censored version for adults. In 2021, authorities fined Facebook, Twitter, Telegram, Google, TikTok, and other internet companies a total of at least 187 million RUB (US$2.5 million) over failures to take down supposedly. Messaging apps, such as WhatsApp and Viber, are often. The Imperial Throne shall be dynastic and succeeded to in accordance with the Imperial House Law passed by the Diet. Are individuals penalized for online activities, particularly those that are protected under international human rights standards? These rights are generally upheld in practice, though some social and legal constraints exist, and several laws have negative implications for free speech. The book also examines the conflict between the obscenity law, introduced in Meiji times when Japan was importing Western models, and the freedom of speech law, which was put in place by the US occupation administration after World War II. In 2016, Makoto Sakurai, a personality known for anti-Korean rhetoric, opened a channel on online television station AbemaTV; a rush of online criticism followed, and the channel was deleted.4, Social media platforms occasionally restrict content at the governments request. Japanese and American Legal Systems. After a three-month delay in rollout due to the COVID-19 pandemic, Rakuten Mobile launched 5G services in September 2020.4 Government statistics show that the average cost of internet access for households with two or more people across Japan in 2020 was 3,601 ($34.59) compared with 3,753 ($36.05) in 2017.2 While both uploading and downloading pirated material was already illegal under the copyright law, with uploaders subject to 10 years imprisonment or fines of up to 10 million ($90,692), the version in effect since 2012 added two years in jail or fines of up to 2 million ($18,138) for downloading a single pirated file.4, In response to the attempted blocking of manga piracy sites in early 2018 (see B1), the Cultural Council of the Cultural Affairs Agency discussed amending the copyright law to expand the types of content that would be illegal to download or reproduce beyond pirated music and videos, to include material such as social media posts showing animated characters or personal blogs with icons containing copyrighted images.5 Some tabloid newspapers and online news outlets have reportedly harassed journalists who disagreed with the government more broadly.4, Women also continue to face targeted online harassment. The 2014 state secrets law, which covers national security issues, may make surveillance abuses harder to document (see C1 and C2). However, most online media remain small and community based.1 COVID-19 patients and individuals who allegedly tested positive for the virus also faced harassment on social media.2. (Kotaku also says that Japanese porn is painstakingly censored by hand, earning the highly skilled laborers $15 per hour.) In May 2021, Aren Hachimura, the younger brother of NBA basketball player Rui Hachimura, received racist messages over SNS. Offenders can face prison sentences of up to three years or fines as large as 500,000 ($4,534), and third-party distribution can draw up to a years imprisonment and a fine of 300,000 ($2,720).14 It is a troubling sign of the times in Japan when the government fails to unequivocally condemn threats of violence that target freedom of expression while politicians grandstand on censoring art. We're doing our best to get things working smoothly! In January 2021, the three major mobile phone companies launched new low-cost plans, after decades of pressure from the ruling Liberal Democratic Party.3 Japans telecommunications infrastructure is advanced, and there have been no reports of the government deliberately disconnecting telecommunications service. Courts have continued to consider lawsuits from individuals requesting that search engines delink inaccurate or irrelevant material about them from public results, but the Supreme Court has laid down important guidance that set limits on such right to be forgotten removals.1 Users rarely face physical and offline harassment in relation to their online activities. In June 2020, the Tokyo High Court reversed a Tokyo District Court ruling that Twitter remove posts which detailed the plaintiffs arrest records.14, Courts have also ordered content to be removed in defamation cases, although there were no such rulings during the coverage period. There are periodic reports of arrests under the copyright law, which carries possible prison terms for both uploading and downloading content without the permission of the copyright owner (see C2). Media scrutiny of reportage involving the 2011 disaster has continued. The report notes that the NSA provided XKEYSCORE, a surveillance tool that can search through a range of content and metadata online, to the DFS.17. Individuals who are half-black and half-Japanese, continue to face racism online. Edit: is it true CERO does not need to look at PC games? A coalition of groups, including the Japan Internet Providers Association and the Movement of Internet Active Users, an organization that advocates for users rights, lobbied against the mandate, and mobile users can now select voluntary filters.9, Right to be forgotten cases increased around the same time as a landmark 2014 decision on the topic by the Court of Justice of the European Union. Do state or nonstate actors employ legal, administrative, or other means to force publishers, content hosts, or digital platforms to delete content, particularly material that is protected by international human rights standards? Many providers bundle digital media subscriptions, including cable television, voice over internet protocol (VoIP) services, and email, pushing costs higher. Taniwaki, who had been instrumental in the governments policies on mobile phone prices, was quickly transferred to another position.7, In March 2021, the Cabinet approved Shunichi Tokura, the former chairman of the Japan Music Rights Association (JASRAC), as Commissioner for Cultural Affairs. No citizens faced politically motivated arrest or prosecution for their online activity during the coverage period. Authorities typically do not order service providers to block or filter content in Japan. In March 2020, the government approved a revision of the Copyright Act, criminalizing the downloading of unlicensed manga, magazines, and academic publications with a prison term of up to two years, a fine of 2 million ($18,000), or both. Specifically, the government will consolidate personal information among local government and central government servers, and will link personal data to individuals unique 12-digit numbers.9, During the drafting process, it became clear that the government's priority was to effectively manage internet users information rather than to protect personal data.10 While users have a choice of providers for internet services, certain companies dominate the market. The provider notifies the individual who posted the content and fulfills the request with the posters permissionor without it if the individual fails to respond. Connectivity for households in the heavily populated Kant region, which includes Tokyo, costs nearly 1,300 ($12.49) more per month than in the least expensive regions, Tohokuin the northeast.3 he age of consent in Japan is 13 years old because it is based on the Napoleonic Code, which was introduced to Japan in the late 19th century. While the government is relatively transparent in its censorship decisions, previous blocking and efforts to give authorities more censorship power have raised concerns. In addition, individuals who knowingly receive secrets from an administrative organ risk up to five years imprisonment if the disclosures are found to be intentional, and one year for disclosures made through negligence.1 In a survey by the Japan Medical Association, there were 700 incidents between October and December 2020 where medical staff treating COVID-19 patients were subject to online harassment.1 In February 2019, civil society groups and ordinary users issued a joint statement asking the MIC to suspend the program,5 These distinctions, however, are not perfect. Twitch: https://www.twitch.tv/revuwuPatreon: https://www.patreon.com/RevsaysdesuTwitter: ht. The bill allows users to download image-based material or certain forms of academic content that is meant for private use.6 Does the government exercise technical or legal control over internet infrastructure for the purposes of restricting connectivity? Some observers said this was an attempt to control public discourse, though deletions were not widespread. The changes allowed the NICT and the MIC to carry out the NOTICE program, authorizing them to attempt to access domestic internet-enabled devices for up to five years in an effort to strengthen cybersecurity (see C8).4 However, the LDP ultimately decided not to submit a bill on LGBT+ equality due to strong opposition by some conservative lawmakers.8, In early 2019, users rallied behind a Tokyo Shimbun reporter who was targeted by the government. Censorship has followed the free expression of men and women like a shadow throughout history. But in the eyes of . Man arrested after using AI to 'destroy' censor mosaics in Japanese adult videos Oct. 25, 2021 06:00 am JST 0 Comment TOKYO Kyoto prefectural police officers have arrested a 43-year-old male resident of Takasago, Hyogo Prefecture. In 2017, two people were sentenced to 18 months in prison, a three-year suspension, and a 500,000 ($4,534) fine for copyright-related offenses.2, Journalists who report on sensitive topics also face government and authorities pressure in the form of defamation lawsuits. While the censorship and oppression Imperial Japan committed against journalists and the Japanese left pales in comparison to its actions and cover-ups in countries such as China, Korea and the Philippines, it should nonetheless be publicized and confronted. Japan's parliament enacted the proposed revised copyright law on Friday to expand the law to punish those who knowingly download illegally uploaded or pirated manga, magazines, and academic works . although the program continued. Are websites, governmental and private entities, service providers, or individual users subject to widespread hacking and other forms of cyberattack? The constitutional right to secrecy of communications is also protected under telecommunications laws.2 Are there economic or regulatory constraints that negatively affect users ability to publish content online? Mobile service operators are expanding the market for handsets designed for children and the elderly, with easy-to-use, large button designs. The ruling Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) has governed almost continuously since 1955, with stints in opposition from 1993 to 1994 and 2009 to 2012. Internet censorship is the suppression of information online or access to the internet by a regulatory body. The court indicated that points such as the content of the search results, the scope of disclosure, the social status of the persons involved, the social situation, and the necessity of disclosing facts were critical in deciding whether search engine results should be removed.13 Asymmetric regulation, which creates stricter rules for providers with a higher market share, has helped diversify the industry.6, Beginning in 2014, the government required mobile service providers to unlock SIM cards at user request; this has made it easier for users to switch providers and use third-party prepaid SIM cards.7 YouTube, Twitter, Facebook, and international blog-hosting services are freely available, as are popular local platforms like Niconico, the video-sharing site, and LINE, a chat application that was launched in Japan in 2011. The city has considered measures to deal with online hate speech, but did not implement a specific ordinance to address this activity. The judge also ordered the confiscation of approximately 62 million ($562,290) that Hoshino had hidden in overseas bank accounts. In June 2018, police announced that they arrested 16 website operators for allegedly using a service called Coinhive to mine cryptocurrencies via visitors computers without their consent.4 No third party can do so. Otherwise, individuals or police ask ISPs to administratively delete contested or illegal content. #censorship. Critics say the law does not prevent the systematic storage of intercepted communications or protect innocent parties.10 In contrast, when private individuals or groups organize boycotts against stores that sell magazines of which they disapprove, their actions are protected by the First Amendment, although they can become dangerous in the extreme. In May 2021, Aren Hachimura, the Roman ideal of good governance included shaping the of. 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